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Along with the much-discussed intelligence failure in Israel, there is growing awareness that many of America’s and Israel’s high-tech weapons fail to perform as advertised. The same goes for many European systems.

We were told, for example, that both the Abrams tanks and the German Leopards were vastly superior to Russian tanks and would change the Ukraine battlefield. So far, the Abrams tanks have not been committed to battle because the Ukrainians understand, and have said so publicly, that if those tanks are used they will be destroyed.

The Leopard tanks also were supposed to be a game-changer. But the tanks, despite their superior electronics and targeting systems, advanced armor and superb diesel power plant, have been destroyed by Russian guns, drones and mines.

It should come as no small surprise that the Europeans, particularly the Germans and French but also the Spanish and Italians, are eyeing a new tank to replace the Leopard and French Leclerc tanks. But the idea of this tank predates Ukraine and will have to be revised. In any case, a new tank will take between a decade and a decade and a half to be realized, if it ever happens.

In Israel, the highly successful Iron Dome air defense system was swamped by thousands of Hamas missiles and could not protect civilians from missile damage – unfortunately at the same time that Israeli intelligence failed in its mission, although we don’t know if that failure was technological or analytical.

What we do know is that Hamas was able to breach Israel’s sophisticated fence system on the Gaza border and that it was able to carry out a large-scale land invasion, while also attacking from the air (missiles, drones, paragliders) and the sea (go-fast boats).

There is also a report alleging that the IP addresses that Iron Dome uses for communications were hacked. This report has not been verified, and may never be, but the disclosure of Iron Dome’s IP addresses would mean that the system could be blocked or diverted.

The problem of cybersecurity impacts US, European and Israeli weapons and command and control systems. There have been considerable problems with Western hardware in Ukraine because the Russians have developed a number of different jamming platforms.

You can get a glimpse of the problem with the Stinger missile. Stingers became famous in the mid-1980s when the US supplied them to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan, where the portable one-man air defense missile was used to knock out low-flying Russian helicopter gunships, transport aircraft and fighters. The Russians had no effective countermeasures.

The US has sent more than 1,400 Stinger missiles to Ukraine, all of which came from war stocks. Taiwan’s order for Stingers was delayed from 2019 until 2023; the 250 Stingers finally were delivered last May.

Today, the US only refurbishes old Stingers and no longer manufactures new ones. The US Army now has a plan to field a “faster and more survivable” Stinger missile. Two defense contractors, RTX and Lockheed Martin, are set to compete against each other to produce a successor to the Stinger. However, there is so far no funding available so the project is at a standstill.

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